The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (a)

Gap-fill exercise

Fill in all the gaps using the AWL words in the list, then press "Check" to check your answers. Use the "Hint" button to get a free letter if an answer is giving you trouble. Note that you will lose points if you ask for hints or clues!
   assumption      assumptions      commitments      community      complements      conceptual      consuming      devoted      ensure      established      foundation      foundations      initiation      licenses      normal      paradigms      prior      professional      reconstruction      re-evaluation      require      Research      revolutions      Revolutions      rigid      shifts      Structure      tradition   
The of Scientific
by Thomas S. Kuhn

I - Introduction

A scientific cannot practice its trade without some set of received beliefs. These beliefs form the of the "educational that prepares and the student for practice". The nature of the "rigorous and " preparation helps that the received beliefs are firmly fixed in the student's mind. Scientists take great pains to defend the that scientists know what the world is like...To this end, " science" will often suppress novelties which undermine its . is therefore not about discovering the unknown, but rather "a strenuous and attempt to force nature into the boxes supplied by education".

A shift in to shared takes place when an anomaly undermines the basic tenets of the current scientific practice These are what Kuhn describes as scientific - "the -shattering to the -bound activity of science" New - "" - the of and the of facts. This is difficult and time . It is also strongly resisted by the .

(A Synopsis from the orginal by Professor Frank Pajares, Emory University)